At the end of this module, you will be able to:

• identify various water-borne diseases. Include Covid19 which is present in untreated drinking-water.
• identify common water contaminants in the community
• explain the effects of climate change to water safety in their community
• propose tips to avoid water-borne diseases after a disaster (e.g. flood, heavy rain, typhoon)
• explain the importance of a reliable water supply

Water-Related Diseases

Category	Transmission	Disease Examples
Water-borne	Ingestion of water contaminated by human or animal faeces or urine containing pathogenic bacteria, viruses or parasites	Gastroenteritis, enteric hepatitis, amoebic, and bacillary dysentery, cholera, leptospirosis, poliomyelitis, typhoid/paratyphoid fever
Water-washed	Skin, ear or eye contact w/ contaminated water and poor personal hygiene	Conjunctivitis, trachoma, intestinal helminth infections, leprosy, scabies
Water-aerosol disease	Inhalation of water aerosol containing pathogen	Legionellosis, phiesteria
Water-based	Parasitical worm infections (parasites found in intermediate organisms living in water)	Dracunculiasis, schistosomiasis, (tricho) bilharziasis
Water-related arthropod vector	Insect vectors breeding in water or biting near water	Dengue, lymphatic filariasis, malaria, onchocerciacis, trypanosomiasis, yellow fever